论行政复议“司法化”改革的可能和限度——从制度运行动力的视角出发

On the Possibility and Limit of "Judiciary-oriented" Reform of Administrative Reconsideration——From the Perspective of the Power Running the System

行政复议制度作为设置在行政体系内部的纠纷解决方式,承担着保护行政相对人的合法权益和监督行政权力运行的职责。一直以来,我国的行政复议制度的功能并没有充分发挥,复议案件数量长期在低水平徘徊甚至出现下降的趋势。基于现实中出现的种种问题,学界发出了行政复议"司法化"改革的强烈呼声。行政复议制度得以运行的内在动力在于行政层级监督,"司法化"理念下的相对独立的复议机构则是这种监督的间接表现形式,需要一定的前提条件方可实现。在我国目前的制度背景之下,更为可行的是吸收行政复议"司法化"改革中完善相关复议程序的建议,在行政层级监督的直接推动力之下,借助公众的参与和监督来推进行政复议制度的改革和完善。

As a dispute resolution method settled internal the administrative system, administrative reconsideration assumes the liability of protecting the legitimate rights and interests of administrative counterparts and of supervising the operation of administrative power. Since always, our country＇ s administrative reconsideration system has not given full play to the function, and the number of cases remains at a low level or even showes long - term downward trend. Based on various problems,the academic issued a strong voice of＂judiciary -oriented＂ reform. Through the analysis of the administrative reconsideration system, this article points out that the driving force to run the system is the administrative -layer supervision. At the same time, the independent review body settled at the＂judiciary -oriented＂ concept is a indirect expression of such supervision, and it takes some preconditions in order to achieve. In our current background, a more feasible option is to adopt the advice that improving reconsideration procedures in the＂judiciary -oriented＂ administrative reconsideration reform, and to promote the reform of administrative reconsideration under the direct driving force of supervision of administrative - layer with the participation and supervision of the public.