论合同法限制完全赔偿的规则

Rules That Limit Entire Compensation in Contract Law

现代合同法限制完全赔偿的规则有可预见性规则、减损规则、过错相抵规则和损益相抵规则。来源于英美法的可预见性规则在比较法上较德国法的相当因果关系说居于更有力的地位,为CISG等国际法律文件所采纳。减损规则与过错相抵规则的适用范围应以时间来划分,过错相抵规则分管的是损失发生的阶段,而减损规则分管的是损失扩大的阶段。过错相抵规则和损益相抵规则发生竞合时,损益相抵规则应优先适用。我国未来民法典应对损益相抵规则做出规定。

Foreseeability, Mitigation, Contributory Negligence, Vorteilsausgleichung are rules that limit entire compensation in modern contract law. Foreseeability, deriving from Anglo - American Law, has gained advantage over Theorie der adaquaten Kausualzusammenhang in German law and has been adopted by CISG and other international documents. The boundary between Mitigation and Contributory Negligence lies in time. If Contributory Negligence and Vorteilsausgleichung are in conflict, the latter shall prevail. Vorteilsausgleichung ought to be regulated in Chinese Civil Code.