言语幽默中预设冲突的认知语用阐释

A Cognitive-pragmatic Approach to Presuppositional Clashes in Verbal Jokes

言语幽默,即言语表达的幽默,是以语音、书写或句法形式表示的幽默形式。言者利用预设冲突可以制造出言语的不和谐感,使读者识解乖讹现象在语义、语用和认知层面的表现。本文选举英文军营笑话为例,从认知语用的角度阐释了预设冲突在幽默言语中逻辑层、语境层和关联层对乖讹消解机制的作用,并深入揭示幽默效应的产生。

Verbally expressed humor （VEH）, is the humor expressed in phonetic, orthographic or syntactic terms. The utilization of presuppositional clash can produce incongruity so that the reader or the hearer will construe the incongruity from the semantic, pragmatic and cognitive perspectives in humor. This paper specif- ically analyzes the incongruity in the Humor in uniform＇from the cognitive -pragmatic perspective, discusses how three representing levels of presuppositional clash work in the process of resolving incongruity and explores how humor arises.