19种山羊草细胞质对普通小麦F94-111光合性状的遗传效应研究

Comparative study on genetic effects of allocytoplasm on photosynthetic characterstics of Triticum aestivum

【目的】研究不同山羊草细胞质对普通小麦F94-111光合性状的遗传效应。【方法】以19种不同山羊草细胞质异质系与其核供体普通小麦F94-111为材料,测定其旗叶叶面积、净光合速率和叶绿素相对含量,研究不同山羊草细胞质对普通小麦光合性状的遗传效应。【结果】除粗山羊草、拟斯山羊草和东方山羊草细胞质使F94-111旗叶叶面积减小外,其他山羊草细胞质均可使F94-111旗叶叶面积增加。所有供试山羊草细胞质均可使F94-111旗叶净光合速率和叶绿素相对含量增加,其中粘果山羊草可以较大幅度地提高F94-111旗叶叶面积和净光合速率,沙伦山羊草对F94-111旗叶叶面积和叶绿素相对含量的正效应较大。【结论】利用异源细胞质来提高小麦的光合性能是可行的。

[Objective] Genetic effects of allocytoplasm on photosynthetic characterstics of wheat（F94-111） were studied. [Method] Nineteen alloplasmic common wheats whose origins of cytoplasm are Aegilops and nuclear donor F94-111 were taken as study materials,the flag leaf area,net photosynthetic rate of flag leaf were measured and relative Chl. content of flag leaf,and genetic effects of Aegilops cytoplasm were studied. [Result] Ae. Squarrosa ,Ae. speltoides and Ae. aucheri cytoplasm had negative effects on flag leaf area, and others had positive effects. All cytoplasms had positive effects on net photosynthetic rate of flag leaf and relative Chl. content of flag leaf. In these Aegilops cytoplasms,Ae, kotschyi cytoplasm had stronger influence on flag leaf area and photosynthetic characterstics of F94-111 than other cytoplasms of Aegilops. Ae. sharonensis cytoplasm had stronger influence on flag leaf area and relative Chl. content of flag leaf of F94-111 than other cytoplasms of Aegilops. [Conclusion] It is feasible to improve photosynthesis performance of wheat by alien cytoplasm.