莫迦小麦1BS染色体片段对K型小麦雄性不育系的影响

Effect on wheat CMS lines of Ae.Kotschyi cytoplasm by T.macha var.sub 1BS chromosomal segment transferred

【目的】拓宽K型杂交小麦保持系资源,克服1B/1R类型K型小麦雄性不育系的缺陷。【方法】对来自莫迦小麦的1BS染色体片段进行细胞学鉴定,并研究将莫迦小麦1BS染色体片段导入1B/1R类型K型小麦雄性不育系后,对其育性、单倍体频率及恢复性的影响。【结果】K Tm3314A含有莫迦小麦的1BS染色体,为非1B/1R类型K型小麦雄性不育系,该类型小麦雄性不育系具有稳定的温敏遗传特性,单倍体频率为0,其平均自交结实率(79.4%)较1B/1R类型K型小麦雄性不育系K D23314A(62.7%)提高16.7%,且有效恢复系(自交结实率大于70%)出现的频率高。【结论】莫迦小麦的1BS染色体片段引入1B/1R类型K型小麦雄性不育系后,使K型小麦雄性不育系具有稳定的温敏遗传特性,其本身和F1代均不产生单倍体,育性更易恢复,恢复源广泛。

[Objective] Using heterosis is one of the important ways to improve wheat yield. The study was done to enlarge the maintainer resources of K-type hybrid wheat, and overcome the disadvantages of 1B/1R K-type male sterile line. [Method] K Tm3314A,which is a K-type non 1B/1R male sterile line developed from Tm3314 carrying 1BS of T. rnacha, was Preliminary identified by cytological observation,and haploid percent and fertility-restoring observation was conducted. [Result] K-type CMS line K Tm3314A had 1BS chromosome from T. macha vat. sub,which was no-lB/1R male sterile wheat line,and had stable photo-temperature sensitivity, no haploid produced, fertility-restoring improved by 16.7 percent, and effective restoring lines（restoring degree was more than 7%）increased. [Conclusion] It is easily restored in fertility,produces no haploids in reproduction, and has high temperature-sensitivity, thus it is helpful in wheat hybrid breeding.