蒙脱石/烷基铵复合物的结构及凝胶特性研究进展

Progress of Research on the Structure and Colloidal Properties of Montmorillonite/Alkylammonium Compounds

蒙脱石/烷基铵复合物的合成及应用研究是近年来矿物材料研究的热点之一。通过长碳链烷基铵离子在蒙脱石层间的插层反应制备蒙脱石/烷基铵复合物,能够将蒙脱石在水介质中呈现的溶胀性、分散性、吸附性能和形成触变性凝胶的性能移植到非极性溶剂中。然而,由于蒙脱石/烷基铵复合物的结构及凝胶性能受制于蒙脱石原料的性能、烷基铵的种类、烷基铵在蒙脱石层间的赋存形式等多个因素,其结构和凝胶性能的制约因素及影响机制仍是本研究领域当前尚未解决的重要理论问题。本文对蒙脱石/烷基铵复合物的结构及凝胶特性的国内外研究现状进行了综述,并对取得的研究成果进行了评述。

In recent years, the synthsis and application of montmorillonite/alkylammonium compounds have become a hot topic in the development of new mineral materials. By intercalation of long chain alkylammoniums into the interlayer space of montmorillonite, the special perperties of montmorillonite showing in an aqueous solution, such as swelling, dispersing, adsorption and the property of forming thixotropic gels, can be transferred into the non-polar solvent systems. However, as the structure and properties of the compounds are dependant on a series of factors, such as the properties of the montmorillonite samples, types of alkylammonium and the existing state of the alkylammonium, the control of its structure and properties remains an unsolved theoretical problem. This paper summarizes the progress of research on the structure and colloidal properties of montmorillonite /alkylammonium compounds at home and abroad, and also evaluates the achieved conclusions.