元代回回国所进乐器论略——兼议伊斯兰音乐文化之东流

The Islamic Music Culture to the East in the Yuan Dynasty

据史料记载,回回国曾向元朝进贡过兴隆笙、火不思、胡琴等乐器。兴隆笙用于演奏宫廷宴饷之乐,元朝曾仿制过与其大体相同的殿庭笙,但当时对这种键盘乐器的先驱——阿拉伯管风琴的机械性能似乎还不具备接受的能力,元以后已不见其使用记载。而火不思和胡琴在流入中国后都有不同程度的改变,并在戏曲音乐中被广泛使用。受其影响,还出现了戏曲音乐的主要伴奏乐器三弦。三弦后经琉球传至日本,成为近世日本音乐的大宗三味线。不仅乐器,在元代,伊斯兰乐人、音乐也传入中国并产生了一定的影响。可见,伊斯兰音乐的东流,像一条纽带似的将伊斯兰音乐与我国乃至东方音乐连接了起来。

The paper points out that some musical instruments were introduced to China in the Yuan Dynasty. In addition, Islamic musicians and music were also introduced to China, by which China was influenced in a certain degree. We can see that the Islamic music flew to the East, which connected the Islamic music and Chinese as well as Eastern music.