火电厂温排水对湿地生态系统的影响分析--以江苏射阳港电厂为例

Effects of thermal discharged from power plant on wetland ecology——A case of Sheyang Port Power Plant in Jiangsu

在对电厂周围湿地生态系统进行多次现场调查的基础上,运用二维温度场和水动力场耦合求解的温排水模型预测电厂温排水的影响范围,结果是:电厂温排水将引起排放口附近海域最大影响面积为6.69 km2,最小为0.16 km2。分析发现,电厂温排水的温升对滩地植被、浮游生物、底栖动物、鱼类均不会造成明显的危害,相反在水温较低的季节,会提高海洋生物的丰度和生物多样性指数,并为保护区鸟类及其它物种提供丰富的饵料。但余氯对排放海域中的浮游生物有致命的威胁,对其他物种无明显影响,但存在一定的潜在影响。本文研究可以为电厂温排水的环境影响评价、温排水排放的有效管理及湿地生态系统的保护提供一些理论依据。

On the basis of several field investigations in the wetland ecosystem, two-dimensional models of thermal discharged including temperature and water field were used to forecast the influenced scope. The result is that the largest area influenced by the thermal discharge will be 6.69 km^2 in the off-shore and the smallest area will be 0.16 km^2. According to the formers＇research results, the thermal discharge＇s effect on wetland ecosystem was tried to analyze. Thereby, the increased temperature wont bring obvious destroy to the halobios such as hydrophytes, plankton, zoo-benthos and fish. However, in the colder seasons, thermal discharge may increase the abundance and the biodiversity index of halobios and provide plenty of bait for birds and other species in the reserve. But the residual chlorine may create lethal danger to plankton, but not to other species, and there will be some latent influence. This paper can provide the theoretic basis for the environment impact assessment of power plants, the effective management of thermal discharge and the protection of wetland ecosystem.