盐城湿地大米草-芦苇群落对生活污水净化效果的实验研究

Experimental study on purifying efficiency of Spartina anglic-Reed group to remove sewage in Yancheng circumlittoral wetland

大米草、芦苇群落对COD、N、P和NH4-N等污染物有着明显的净化作用,这对潮间带水质稳定起着积极的作用。研究发现在同一淹水深度下,随着群落盖度的增加,芦苇与大米草对有机物、N,P的净化能力也随之增强;而随着淹水深度的增加,大米草对COD的去除率在淹水深度为30 cm时效果最佳;而芦苇群落对COD去除率随淹水深度的增加呈缓慢下降的趋势。光照能够促进湿地植物群落对污染物的净化,但受植物群落垂直结构与淹水深度的影响很大。在群落盖度大于60%、淹水深度为30 cm与当前水质条件下,大米草、芦苇二者联合净化作用在一个潮周期内对有机物、N、P和NH4-N分别可达33.6、24.9、20.8和27.6%以上。

The Spartina anglic-Reed group has significant purifying efficiency on pollutants such as COD, N, P and NH4-N. The purif- ying efficiency is an active role in water quality stabilization. It was found that at same flooded depth, the purifying efficiency of Spartina anglic-Reed group on the organic matter, N and P was increased with the increase of coverage density of plants, the removal rate of Spartina anglic on COD is the highest at depth of 30cm with the increase of depth, but the COD removed rate of reed is decreased with the increase of flooded depth. The illumination can promote the purification of wetland plants on pollutants, but the efficiency was influenced by the vertical structure of plant community and water depth. When the coverage density of plants is larger then 60%, the flooded depth is 30cm and under the present water quality condition, the union purifying efficiency of Spartina anglic and Reed on the organic matter, N, P and NH4-N can exceed 33.6%, 24.9%, 20.8% and 27.6%, respectively.