焦虑障碍者的个性倾向、特质焦虑和自我效能感

Personality Orientation, Anxiety Trait and General Self-efficacy of Anxiety Disorders

目的:通过对焦虑障碍患者个性倾向、自我效能感、特质焦虑等影响因素的相关研究,探讨焦虑障碍可能的病理心理学机制。方法:采用病例对照研究,对144例焦虑障碍患者和144名健康人利用中国人个性量表-情感量表(CPAI2-E)、状态-特质焦虑问卷(STAI)、自我效能感量表(GSES)评定。结果:①患者组情感量表的诸因子得分显著高于对照组(P<0.01);②患者组特质焦虑得分显著高于对照组,而自我效能感得分对照组高于患者组(P<0.01);③状态焦虑与情感量表各因子、特质焦虑呈正相关(r=0.459～0.781,P<0.01),与自我效能感量呈负相关(r=-0.332,P<0.01)。④多元逐步回归分析发现,特质焦虑和焦虑紧张因子与焦虑情绪的关系更为密切。结论:特质焦虑、抑郁、焦虑紧张、躯体症状、躯体化、性适应不良及自卑倾向等诸多因素间的交互作用可能是焦虑障碍发生的病理心理学基础,特质焦虑与焦虑情绪的关系更为密切。

Objective： To explore the relationships of personality characteristics, Anxiety trait, and general self-efficacy with anxiety disorders. Methods： By case-matched study, 144 patients with anxiety disorders and 144 normal controls were administered the Emotional Problems Factor of Chinese Personality Assessment Inventory II （CPAI2-E）, State-Trait Anxiety Inventory and General Self-efficacy Scale. Results： ①The scores of patients with anxiety disorders were higher than those of the normal controls in CPAI2-E （P〈0.01）. ②The scores of the patients were higher than those of the controls in Trait Anxiety （P〈0.01）, but those of the patients were lower than the controls in General Self-efficacy （P〈0.01）. ③The study showed there were close correlation between state anxiety and personality tendency of CPAI2-E, and trait anxiety but negative correlation with general perceived self-efficacy （P〈0.01）. ④Multi regressive analysis found anxiety factor and trait anxiety were major influential factors of anxiety. Conclusion： The interaction among all factors were the basis of personality psycho-pathogenesy of anxiety disorders, and trait anxiety and anxiety factor were more closely related to anxiety.