秘鲁外海茎柔鱼渔场分布与表温及表温距平值关系的初步探讨

DISTRIBUTION OF FISHING GROUND OF JUMBO FLYING SQUID(Dosidicus gigas) AND ITS RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN SST AND SSTA IN THE WATERS OFF PERU

根据2006年6~11月我国远洋船队秘鲁茎柔鱼生产统计及其表温(SST)、表温距平值(SSTA)数据,利用GIS软件ArcGIS9.0,对各月平均日产量(CPUE)和SST、SSTA关系的分布图进行绘制并分析,计算作业渔场重心。结果表明,6~8月的产量和CPUE比其他月份高。6~11月作业渔场在80°W^85°W,10°S^15°S,渔场重心在81°W^84°W,11°S^14°S。产量主要集中在12°~14°S海域,约占年总产量的72.72%,与2004-2005年有较大差异。6月作业渔场的SST为21~23℃,7、8月分别为19~21℃和18~20℃,9~11月为18~21℃。6月作业渔场的SSTA为0.1~0.2℃,7、8月分别为0.5~0.7℃,9~11月分别为0.2~0.6℃、1.0~1.4℃和0.4~0.7℃。研究认为,茎柔鱼渔场分布与SST、SSTA关系密切,可作为寻找中心渔场的海洋环境指标。

Based on production data of jumbo flying squid Dosidicus gigas in the waters off Peru from June to November in 2006,the monthly spatial CPUE distribution is drawn by the software ArcGIS9.0 and their relationships with sea surface temperature（SST） and sea surface temperature anomaly（SSTA） are analyzed.The monthly gravity of fishing ground is also calculated.The results indicated that the catch and CPUE from June to August are higher than other months.The fishing ground is distributed around 80-85 W and 10-15 S,the gravity of fishing ground is distributed around 81°-84° W and 11°-14° S from June to November.The catch is mainly located in the waters of 12°-14° S accounting for 72.72% of the total catch in a year,which greatly differs with that in 2004 and 2005.The optimum SST ranged from 21 to 23℃ in June,from 19 to 21℃ in July to Auguste,from 18 to 20℃ in August,from 18 to 21℃ during September to November respectively.The optimum SSTA also ranged from 0.1 to 0.2℃ in June,from 0.5 to 0.7℃ in July and August,0.2 to 0.6℃ in September to November,from 1.0 to 1.4℃ in October and from 0.4 to 0.7℃ in November respectively.The results were checked by K-S test.The results show that the monthly distribution of fishing ground is closely related with SST and SSTA,which may be considered as environmental indicators to search for fishing ground.