中药治疗胃癌的用药规律

Prescription rules of Chinese herbal medicines in treatment of gastric cancer

本文对1988～2007年20年间国内公开发表的中医药治疗胃癌临床文献涉及的药方中使用频率居前的中药功效、单药及这些单药的性味归经进行分析。将文献分为单纯使用中药治疗中晚期胃癌、中药防治术后复发转移及中药配合化疗增效减毒3类。在此3类文献中,治疗胃癌最常用的药物均为白术、黄芪、党参、甘草、人参等补气药,其次为茯苓、薏苡仁等利水消肿药,陈皮、木香等理气药及白花蛇舌草、半枝莲、藤梨根、重楼等清热解毒药。温、寒、平性药物,甘、苦、辛味药物及归脾、肝经的药物在胃癌治疗中使用频次最高。

Analysis of the nature, tastes, channel distributions and effects of the frequently used herbal medicines in the prescriptions involved in the clinical literatures about treatment of gastric cancer published from 1988 to 2007 was made in the paper. The literatures were categorized into three types： 1） treatment of middle- and late-stage gastric cancer; 2） prevention and treatment of the recurrence and metastasis after operation; 3） Chinese herbal medicines combined with chemotherapy for enhancing efficacy and reducing toxicity. The most frequently used herbal medicines in the three literature types were qi-invigorating herbs, such as Atractylodes, Astragalus, Codonopsis, Glycyrrhiza and Ginseng, etc. The herbal medicines for promoting urination to subside swelling such as tuckahoe and Semen Co/c/s, etc were used more frequently than the herbal medicines for regulating qi such as dried orange peel and putchuck, etc, as well as for clearing away heat to remove toxin such as spreading hedyotis herb, Herba Scutellariae Barbatae, yangtao actinidia root, and Rhizoma Paridis, etc. From another angle, the most frequently used herbal medicines for the treatment of gatric cancer were those cold, warm and neutral in nature, sweet, bitter and pungent in taste, and distributed to spleen and liver channels.