瘦组织和脂肪的影响因素及其对骨密度和骨强度的影响

Influencing factors of lean mass and fat mass and effects of both on bone mineral density and bone strength

瘦组织和脂肪是两个重要的体成分，受饮食、运动、增龄、性别、种族、激素、疾病以及药物等多种因素的影响。瘦组织和脂肪对骨密度和骨强度的影响不同。研究结果存在不一致性，但多数研究表明瘦组织量可能是BMD和骨强度的重要决定因素，脂肪量过多将对骨骼产生不利影响。目前，瘦组织和脂肪对骨密度和骨强度的影响及机制并未被完全阐明。

Lean mass and fat mass are two important components of body composition, which are affected by many factors such as diet, exercise, aging, gender, race, hormonal, diseases and drugs. Effects of lean mass and fat mass on bone mineral density （BMD） and bone strength are different. Study results are inconsistent, but most show that lean mass may be important determinant of BMD and bone strength. Excess fat mass has a negative impact on bone metabolism. At present, effects and mechanism of lean mass and fat mass on BMD and bone strength have not been fully clarified.