摘要近年来，严重耐多药结核病（extensively drug resistant tuberculosis，XDR-TB）的流行与传播使本已严峻的全球结核病防治形势变得更为紧迫，引起了各国结核病防治工作者的极大关注和不安。严重耐多药结核病的发生与发展暴露了世界结核病控制措施的薄弱和不足，也给全球公共卫生带来了前所未有的挑战。世界各国结核病防治专家正在追寻严重耐多药结核病产生的原因，认识其对人类的危害，并寻找控制其发生与发展的可能对策，
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