高超声速飞行器起飞质量的解析估算

Analytical evaluation of takeoff mass for hypersonic vehicles

基于火箭助推的发射方式,推导出弹道式飞行器、高超声速助推-滑翔飞行器及高超声速助推-巡航飞行器的起飞质量与航程、燃料比冲和载荷之间的解析关系,为总体设计初期快速估算飞行器起飞质量提供了方法。基于此,比较了3种飞行器的起飞质量载荷比。结果表明,助推-巡航飞行器性能最优,助推-滑翔飞行器性能居中,弹道式飞行器的性能最差。

Based on rocket-boost launching mode ,the analytical expressions between takeoff mass and range as well as propellant specific impulse and payload were deduced for three kinds of hypersonic vehicles, including ballistic vehicles, boost-glide vehicles and boost-cruise vehicles. The results can provide a method for quickly evaluating takeoff mass at the beginning of system design. Based on the expressions ,the ratio between takeoff mass and payload of the three kinds of vehicles was compared. The results show that the properties of hypersonic cruise vehicles are optimal ,while properties of ballistic vehicles are the worst.