构造作用对烃源岩演化和分布的影响

Effect of tectonism on source rock evolution and distribution

烃源岩的形成和分布受多种因素的影响,构造作用是一个主要的方面。研究认为,断裂作用对烃源岩的影响较大,大的断裂对周边富烃凹陷的形成有明显的控制作用,同时断层活动产生的热量也会影响烃源岩的演化。火山作用造成的岩浆侵入体携带的热能可认为是一个附加热源,促进烃源岩的演化。热液中的一些稀有元素会促进源岩的分布和生烃速率,对烃源岩生烃产生积极作用。构造活动中,挤压作用产生的超压也在一定程度上对烃源岩产生影响。

The formation and distribution of source rocks are affected by many factors, among which tectonism is an important factor. The study shows that fault can impact on source rock largely, and big fault controls the forming of neighboring rich hydrocarbon depression obviously. Meanwhile, heat produced by fault activity also influences the evolution of source rocks. The heat brought by volcanic magma intrusion can be considered as an additional heat source to enhance the source rocks＇ evolution. In addition, some rare elements in the heat flow also promote the distribution of source rocks and increase hydrocarbon generation rate. In tectonic activity, over pressure caused by compression also has an impact on the source rocks in a certain extent.