2006年泰安市某水泥厂接尘作业工人高仟伏X线胸片调查

Survey on High Kilovoltage Radiography Films Among the Workers in a Cement Plant of Taian in 2006

[目的]了解水泥行业接尘作业人员肺部的健康状况,以控制尘肺的发生。[方法]对116名接尘人员胸部进行高仟伏摄影、问卷调查和健康检查。[结果]水泥行业主要引起严重的粉尘污染,总尘平均浓度为41.8 mg/m3,车间积尘平均游离SiO2含量为4.36%。随着接尘工龄的增加,工人的肺纹理明显增多,咳嗽、咯痰等症状与粉尘接触有关。116名被调查者中,胸片显示22名接尘人员出现不规则形小阴影或类圆形小阴影,发生率为18.97%。10年以下工龄与10年以上工龄相比,尘肺的发病率分别为4.55%和95.45%,结果有显著差异性(P<0.01)。[结论]随着接尘工龄的增加,尘肺的发病率呈上升趋势,应加强管理,有效控制水泥尘危害,减少职业伤害。

[Objective]To investigate the influence of exposure to cement dust on the health of worker＇s lung in order to control the incidence of pneumoconiosis in cement plants.[Methods]High kilovoltage radiography was conducted for 116 workers from a cement plant,questionnaire and physical examination was carried out.[Results]The geometric mean total dust concentration in the workshop was up to 41.8 mg/m^3.The mean free sio2 concentration of accumulated dust was 4.36%.With the increasing of length of exposure to cement dust,Lung markings of a worker＇s showed an increase.Some positive correlations were found between the incidence of cough or expectoration and occupational exposure.Of the 116 workers investigated,there were small irregular shadows or round shadows in both lungs among 22 exposed workers.The incidence was 18.97%.The incidence of pneumoconiosis among the workers with different length of service（0～,≥10a） were 4.55% and 95.45%,there was a significant difference.（P〈0.01）.[Conclusion]The incidence of pneumoconiosis increased with the increase of length of exposure to cement dust.Management must be strengthened,dust induced damage must be effectively controlled to reduce occupational injury.