外生菌根真菌及其接种白皮松生长对煤矸石胁迫的反应

Growth of Ectomycorrhizal Fungi and Mycorrhizal Pinus bungeana Seedlings in Response to Coal Cangue Stress

研究外生菌根真菌铆钉菇菌菌丝在煤矸石提取液中的生长模式,并对接种和未接种的白皮松在不同比率煤矸石混合基质中的生长和存活作探索性研究。结果表明:铆钉菇菌在85%煤矸石提取液中生长良好。虽然煤矸石环境抑制了菌丝的发展,降低了苗木的接种率,但对于接种后的幼苗,其在不同比率煤矸石混合基质中的各项生长指标都优于未接种幼苗。其中,接种幼苗干质量和侧根数,显著多于未接种幼苗。纯煤矸石的环境中真菌和植物都很难生存和发展,但与少量的黄土(15%)混合后,各项生长指标都得到显著改善。这个结果说明,为了保证煤矸石生态治理工程中的成功,有必要在矸石中混合一定土壤以保证生物技术的顺利实施。

As tailing of coal mining, 20 million tons of coal gangue generated every year caused severer environmental problem for the mining area. To probe the possibility of using ectomycorrhiza to rehabilitate the coal gangue mountain, the paper investigated the colony of selected ectomycorrhizal fungi Gomphidium viscidus in extraction of coal gangue and the growth of the infected Pinus bungeana seedlings in a medium mix with coal gangue. The experimental results showed that G. viscidus mycelium grew well in 85% coal gangue extraction, but did not survive in the pure coal gangue extraction （100%）, Furthermore, Pinus bungeana seedlings infected with ectomycorrhizal fungi increased the survival ratio under the coal gangue stress. The biomass and lateral roots were significantly more than that of non-infected seedlings. In pure coal gangue the seedlings and the ectomycorrhizal fungi hardly survived and developed. However, mixture of 15% normal soil with the coal gangue dramatically increased the chance of survival and growth of pine seedlings. That suggests that it may be necessary to supplement engineering measure to mix the uncontaminated soil for achieving the rehabilitation of coal gangue.