小麦赤霉病镰孢菌毒素的生物合成及其分子调控

Biosynthesis and Regulation of Trichothecenes in Fusarium Species

禾谷镰刀菌是小麦赤霉病的主要致病菌,其真菌次生代谢产生的单端孢霉烯类B型毒素,如雪腐镰刀菌烯醇(nivalenol,NIV)、脱氧雪腐镰刀菌烯醇(deoxynivalenol,DON)和其它乙酰化衍生物等污染小麦籽粒后对人畜健康构成威胁。综述了近年来国内外对小麦赤霉病镰孢菌单端孢霉烯类B型毒素生物合成的主要途径及分子调控研究进展,对毒素合成过程中的重要调控基因如TRI5、TRI7和TRI13在农业中的应用进行了阐述。

Fusarium grarninearum（GibbereUa zeae）are the major causes of Fusarium Head Blight（Scab）of wheat. F. grarainearum produce type B trichothecene mycotoxins such as nivalenol （NIV）,deoxynivalenol （DON） and several acetylated derivatives of NIV and DON. These mycotoxins are frequently detected in cereal grain samples and present a serious health threat to human and animal consumers. In this paper,the biosynthesis and regulation mechanisms of trichothecenes were outlined and the significance of some regulator genes,such as TRI5,TRI7 and TRI13 were discussed in relation to practical applications in agriculture.