哈尔滨市郊设施土壤积盐规律的研究

Regularity of Salt Accumulation of Greenhouse Soil in Suburbs of Harbin

通过对哈尔滨市郊不回种植年限的设施栽培土壤耕层取样和典型土壤的分层取样研究，结果表明，设施土壤在种植3-5a后，土壤耕层盐分积累比较迅速，设施土壤与露地土壤电导率比值为3．97；在种植20-22a后，设施土壤的盐分含量已是露地土壤的9．81倍，盐分积累严重。设施土壤中的离子组成中阳离子以Ca^2＋居多，阴离子以NO3^-为主，随着种植年限的增长，土壤中盐分离子都呈现出积累的趋势。NO3^-、Ca^2＋含量与电导率呈极显著的正相关（R=0．850＊＊，R=0．955＊＊）。设施土壤中，盐分的运移同时存在着明显的向底层迁移和向表层聚集两种方式，但以表聚为主。

Based on sampling and analyzing for surface soils from different planting years and different layers typical greenhouse soil in the suburbs of Harbin,the results indicated that the salt of surface soils accumulated quickly whose ratio of electrical conductivity between greenhouse soil and open-air soil was 3. 97 after planting 3-5 years. After greenhouse .soil planted 20-22 years,the content of .salt in greenhouse had been 9. 81 times as much as open-air soil. Of the composing of soluble salinity,the content of Ca^2＋ was at most among cations,but NO3^- was at most among anions. The content of NO2^- and that of Ca^2＋ respectively had very significant positive correlation with electrical conductivity of greenhouse soil, Whose correlation coefficients were 0. 850 and 0. 955, respectively. Salinity transportation in greenhouse soil profile accumulated to-ward topsoil and subsoil simultaneously,however,salt accumulation in surface spil was at most.