基于社会经济属性的中国省际出游力研究——兼对中国与世界已研究国家案例比较

A STUDY OF THE PROVINCIAL EMISSIVENESS IN CHINA BASED ON THE SOCIO-ECONOMIC PROPERTIES——WITH CONTRAST BETWEEN CHINA AND OTHER COUNTRIES

文章探讨了国内旅游出游力的地理尺度问题。首先运用SPSS统计分析软件,对中国31个省市、自治区的21个社会经济变量进行因子分析,定量分析得出旅游本质上是一种社会经济现象,验证了"客源地社会经济属性决定其出游力"的研究假说。然后引入三角图解法,将中国31个省市、自治区的出游力在社会经济规模因子、居民生活水平因子、对外联系水平因子等三个维度上分解,探寻中国省际出游力的区域差异;结合ArcGIS样条曲线差值法,研究发现中国省际出游力地域空间形态整体呈现"三级阶梯状",与中国三大阶梯分界线大致吻合,累计70%的旅游出游力集中在第三阶梯,中国存在"四大旅游客源地":冀鲁豫、苏浙沪、鄂湘粤和四川。最后从国家地理尺度,兼对中国与世界已研究国家案例国内旅游出游力的影响机制作对比分析。

Emissiveness can be classified to two categories： tourist emissivness and origin emissiveness. Tourist emissiveness emphasizes particularly on tourists which are the principal part of recreation from microcosmic dimension, while origin emissiveness is studied from macroscopical dimension. Tourism geographers have paid so much attention to tourist emissiveness with little regard to origin emissiveness. So this paper examines some of the geographical dimensions of the provincial emissiveness in china based on the socio-economic properties. The discussions and conclusions are as follows： ①31 provinces in china are selected as study objects and 21 socio-economic variables are choosed describing the provincial properties. The hypothesis is validated of which is the origin＇s socio-economic properties determines its emissiveness, tourism is a socio-economic phenomenon essentially. Socio-economic scale facor, residents＇ living standard factor and connective level factor are the main socio-economic properties. Travel happens after the spatial interaction of origin emissiveness and destination attractiveness, whether or not is the destination attractiveness also be determined by the socio-economic properties？ The theory of socio-economic phenomenon of tourism should be studied thoroughly; ②When origin emissiceness is decomposed to three dimensionalities which are socio-economic scale facor, residents＇ living standard factor and connective level factor, the result shows that origin emissiveness in different dimensions have different mechanisms. ③The pattern of domestic tourism emissiveness in china is that travellers＇ quantity is tremendous and travel expenditure is low, short excursions are the top choice. So the orientation of domestic tourist market and marketing for most destinations should focus on their own provinces, adjacent provinces and five other provinces with hign emissiveness of which are Beijing, Shanghai,Tianjin,Jiangsu and Zhejiang. Tourism geography should attach much more importance to “day trip”, “weekend trip” and“leisure trip”, because such recreational behavior in medium and small dimensions have more commercial meaning and can help the tourism geography develop. ④60 percent accumulated of emissiveness is agglomerate in 4 tourists generating region： Ji＇lu＇yu, Su＇zhe ＇hu, E ＇xiang＇yue and Sichuan of which Ji＇lu＇yu and Su ＇zhe ＇hu are the main tourist generating region. Since 1999. domestic tourism in china develops very quickly and tourism will be an important socio-economic activity, tourism industry, will also confront new opportunities. So the 4 tourist generating region should increase the devotion into such areas of tourism productivity： star-rated hotels,travel agencies and so on.