基于异步电机的风力机模拟实验平台的研究

Development of Experimental Platform for Wind Power Generation Using Induction Machine

提出了一种风力发电系统研究和实验平台的设计方案,利用逆变器控制的异步电动机模拟风力机特性,驱动风力发电机运行。首先分析了风力机的功率和转矩特性,讨论了风力机的转矩模拟方案。通过给定风速和实测转速,按照风力机特性可计算出应输出的转矩。控制异步电机输出同样的转矩,便可实现风力机的模拟。异步电机采用了带有前馈解耦的间接磁场定向矢量控制,其dq轴电流可分别对磁链和转矩进行控制,其转矩响应可满足控制要求。在变风速和变转速两种典型运行条件下的实验结果表明,异步电机可以准确的对风力机特性进行模拟。该平台可方便地用于实验室条件下的风力发电系统研究。

A research and experimental platform for variable-speed constant-frequency wind power genera- tion system was developed. An inverter fed induction motor drive the generator as if it were driven by a real wind turbine. For a given wind turbine, the shaft torque is related to the generator speed and wind velocity. The torque-speed characteristics of a wind turbine are physically implemented by an induction motor drive. The indirect flux field oriented control strategy is used for torque control. The q-axis current of induction motor can be used to control the motor torque, and the d-axis current is used to regulate the rotor flux. With the PI regu- lators and decoupled controllers, the stator voltage vector demand is obtained and the IGBT inverter drives the induction motor to output the required torque. The experimental results under some typical conditions of the proposed method show that this scheme is feasible and accurate. The platform can be conveniently used for the research of wind power generation in laboratory.