减轻学习者认知负荷的教学材料设计原则

Designing Principles of the Instructional Material to Reduce the Learners' Cognitive Load

学习者用于加工信息的认知资源是有限的。如果加工某种信息所引起的认知负荷超过了学习者的认知资源总量,那么这种信息的加工与获得就会受到影响。根据认知负荷效应,教育者应遵循自由目标教学材料设计原则、样例教学材料设计原则、不完整样例教学材料设计原则、信息整合教学材料设计原则、多通道教学材料设计原则与避免内容重复教学材料设计原则。

Cognitive resource for learners to process information is limited. If the cognitive load generated by processing the information exceeded the total cognitive resource one hold, the information process would be affected. According to cognitive load effects, educators should obey some designing principles of instructional material such as goal free education principle, case study principle, incomplete case study principle, information integrity principle, multiple modality principle and avoiding content repetition principle.