生物乙醇的综合利用

Comprehensive Utilization of Bioethanol

介绍了以乙醇为原料的有关工业生产和实验研究情况,阐述了利用生物乙醇代替石油原料可实现的有关过程。重点介绍了乙醇制醚、制丁醇、乙醇胺化反应、氧化反应、脱水制烃类物质、烷基化反应、羰基化和作为燃料使用等方面的应用。其中,以乙醇为原料制取乙基叔丁基醚、乙醇氧化制丙酮、乙醇一步合成2-戊酮等具有一定的前瞻性和现实性,而乙醇氧化制醋酸乙酯、乙醇脱水制乙烯、燃料乙醇等路线都已实现了大型化工业生产规模。

Currently with the rapid development of biochemical processes, the technology for producing ethanol from biomass is getting mature. Due to low production cost and extensive raw material sources, bioethanol production has been further boosted. This provides possibility and reality for chemical production from bioethanol. The industrial processes and research works for bioethanol as raw material were introduced. The related processes for using bioethanol to substitute petroleum in production of chemicals were reviewed. Bioethanol to ether and butyl alcohol, its amination, oxidation, dehydration, alkylation and carbonylation, and ethanol as fuel were described mainly. The efficient utilizing of bioethanol has great application foreground. Ethanol to ethyl tert-butyl ether, oxidation of ethanol to acetone, synthesis of 2-pentanone from ethanol etc. are processes with bright prospect. It is noticeable that industrial productions of ethyl acetate by dehydrogenation of ethanol, ethylene by ethanol dehydration, ethanol as fuel etc. have already been established.