膀胱癌组织的傅里叶变换红外光谱研究

Infrared Spectroscopic Study of Bladder cancer:a Pilot Investigation

目的:研究傅里叶变换红外(Fourier-transforminfrared,FTIR)光谱对膀胱癌组织及正常组织的分辨能力。方法:利用傅里叶变换红外光谱仪分析32对膀胱部分切除术获得的膀胱尿路上皮癌组织和相应的正常组织的中红外吸收光谱。结果:膀胱癌组织与正常组织的红外光谱具有明显的差异:(1)癌组织中与核酸相关谱带1080cm-1和1237cm-1的相对强度增加,表明恶性组织细胞中核酸的相对含量增加;这两个谱带的位置蓝移,表明癌组织中核酸的磷酸基团氢键遭到了破坏,使其氢键化程度降低。(2)与糖原相关的谱带1024cm-1和1049cm-1,在正常组织中存在着很强的吸收峰,而在肿瘤组织中几乎不出现,表明恶性细胞中的糖原被大量消耗。(3)癌组织中与蛋白质相关的酰胺Ⅰ带和Ⅱ带的吸收峰强度高于正常组织,并且氨基酸残基的C-O伸缩振动谱带出现了明显的蓝移,这些结果表明肿瘤细胞代谢旺盛,蛋白质合成增加;氨基酸大部分氢键化的C-O(H)基团的氢键被破坏,蛋白质的二级结构发生了明显变化。(4)与脂类相关的谱带1740cm-1,2853cm-1,2924cm-1和2957cm-1的吸收强度未发现有确定的规律。结论:FTIR可以快速地揭示膀胱正常组织和癌组织分子组成和结构方面所存在的差异,能够为膀胱良、恶性组织的鉴别提供可靠的信息,从而协助诊断。

Objective：To investigate the compositional and structural alterations at the molecular level and to assess the usefulness of Fourier-transform infrared （FTIR） spectroscopy in the diagnosis of bladder cancer. Methods： An exploratory study was conducted on 32 patients with transitional cell carcinoma （TCC） of the bladder. Tissue samples from the diseased and normal sites from cystectomy were analyzed and compared using FTIR spectroscopy and histopathology. Results： Specific changes were observed in the FTIR spectral features of bladder cancer and thus spectral criteria could be established for the detection of malignancy in bladder tissues by FTIR spectroscopy. The spectral changes results from characteristic compositional and structural alterations at the molecular level in the bladder cancer specimens. These alternations included an increase in the relative amount of DNA with nuclear bands shifting to a higher wavenumber, a decrease in the glycogen level, and an enhancement in the amount of proteins with a loss of hydrogen bonding of the C-OH groups in the amino acid residues of proteins. The ratio of A1080. to A1024 is much higher in bladder cancer than in normal tissue （P = 0. 013）. We used this ratio to predict the histopathologic type of samples, and 81.3 % of them were correct. Conclusion： FTIR is an objective and precise modality that holds promise in identifying cancer in the bladder and can be extremely helpful in detecting early malignant changes.