中国大学的去向——基于民国大学史的观察

Which Way Forward for the Chinese Universities?——Pondering Over the University History of Republic of China

一个多世纪以来,中国大学经历了曲折的发展历程。改革开放30年来,我国大学取得了巨大成就,亦遇到了一系列困难,其中比较突出的是办学规模与质量之间的明显失衡。要进一步加强大学建设,就要重点建设若干所具有国际水平的大学,培养一批国际知名的少壮派学人。这就需要大胆"拿来",汲取一切养分,尤其是关注民国大学与欧美大学的办学经验。在实际运作中,我们应加强制度建设,重振基础学科的强势地位,加强师资团队,完善考核机制和评价体制,继续推进户口制度、基础教育等相关方面的改革。这样有助于调动一切积极因素,为中华民族和中华文化的复兴准备条件。

Chinese universities have undergone many ups and downs through over one century. In the past 30 years, many achievements are made but also many challenges are met. Imbalance between the quantity and quality is the most protruding issue among all the problems. Stress should be put on the construction of the worldclass universities and cultivation of world-renown young scholars. To achieve this aim, some experiences on how to run the universities from the period of Republic of China and Western countries should be drawn. In practice, we should focus on institutional improvement, revitalizing the importance of foundational subjects, strengthening faculty team, bettering the assessment system as well as promoting the reform of residence registration system and primary education system. In this way, all the active factors are likely to be mobilized and help contribute to the rejuvenation of Chinese nation and Chinese culture.