梨2个品种果实发育期间内源激素含量的变化

Studies on the changes of endogenous hormones during fruit growth and development of two pear cultivars

针对不同梨品种果实生长发育历程不同,采用高效液相色谱(HPLC)技术测定了早蜜梨和黄金梨果实发育期间果肉和种子中内源生长素(IAA)、赤霉素(GA3)、脱落酸(ABA)和玉米素(ZT),以及内源腐胺(Put)、亚精胺(Spd)、精胺(Spm)含量的变化。结果表明,1)2品种果肉中IAA、GA3、ABA和ZT含量变化趋势相似,但早蜜梨IAA、GA3含量低于黄金梨,果实发育后期ABA含量高于黄金梨,且提前20d达到含量高峰;2)2品种种子中GA3含量变化分别呈近似单峰曲线和双峰曲线,但早蜜梨IAA、ZT含量高于黄金梨,提前30d达到ABA含量高峰;3)2品种果肉和种子中Put、Spd、Spm含量变化趋势相似,但早蜜梨种子中Put含量低于黄金梨,Spd略高,Spm含量接近。在果实发育前期果肉中Put、Spd含量高于黄金梨。因此,2品种果实发育的各个时期持续时间及其内源激素含量不同。

There precocious pear cuhivar Zaomi and the late one Whangkeumbae cultivar were used as material for studying the changes of endogenous hormones during the fruit development process. 10 d after blossom both the fruit were measured once every 10 d their longitudinal and transverse diameter and was the contents of endogenous IAA, GA3, ABA, ZT, Put, Spd, and Spm in pulp and seeds was using high performance liquid chromatography （HPLC） from anthesis to harvest. The resuits indicated that： （1） Zaomi pear contained lower contents of IAA and GA3 in pulp than Whangkeumbae, but higher ZT level at the early stage and ABA level at the late stage; （2） IAA, ZT contents in seeds of Zaomi pear were higher and the peak of IAA content appeared earlier. Content of GA3 in seeds of 2 cuhivars changed approximately like a unimodal curve and bimodal curve, respectively. And Whangkeumbae pear maintained higher level of ABA in seeds at the late stage ; （3） The lower spermine （Spm）, higher putrescine （Put） and spermidine （Spd） contents were measured in pulp of Zaomi at the early stage. And Zaomi pear contained lower content of Put, slightly higher level of Spd and closer content of Spm in seeds in contrast to those of Whangkeumbae. It is concluded that the changes in contents and holding time of endogenous hormones in pulp and seeds were little different during fruit growth and development between the 2 cultivars. Whangkeumbae pear held longer early and middle stage. However, Zaomi pear developed into maturing stage more rapidly, which resulted in a shorter period of fruit growth and development and maturated earlier than Whangkeumbae pear.