车轮滑动时钢轨热机耦合有限元分析

Thermo-mechanical Coupling FEM Analysis of Rail during Wheel Sliding

利用有限元分析软件ABAQUS建立了轮轨接触热机耦合分析的热弹性平面应变有限元模型。模型中考虑温度对材料热物理参数的影响。分析了车轮滑动时不同摩擦因数和轴重对钢轨应力场分布的影响。结果表明,最大VonMises等效应力发生在接触斑后半轴靠近接触区的边缘处,轮轨摩擦热影响区主要分布在接触表面,并随深度的增加其影响越来越小;当温升较大时,热物理参数随温度变化的影响应予以考虑;钢轨表面应力随摩擦因数和轴重增大而增大。

A sequentially coupled thermo-elastic plane strain finite element model for wheel/rail sliding was established by using the general-purpose FE code ABAQUS. The effect of the temperature on the thermal and mechanical parameters was considered. The thermo-mechanical stress distribution in the rail was obtained. The effects of the friction coefficient and wheel load on the stress fields in the rail were investigated. The results show that the maximum Von Mises equivalent stress of the rail occurs close to the edge of tail half axle of the contact patch. The thermally affected zone exists in the thin layer of rail surface and the thermal effect decays with increasing the depth. It is necessary to take the effect of the temperature dependence thermal and mechanical parameters into account when the temperature rise is high. The stresses of the rail near the surface increase with increasing the friction coefficient and the axle load.