电影法庭辩论语言的语音特征及其文体效果——《杀死一只知更鸟》个案分析

Phonological Features and Stylistic Effects of Courtroom Argument——A Case Study of the Film To Kill a Mockingbird

法律语言学在20世纪末后期迅速发展起来。近些年来,法庭语篇成了法律语言学研究的焦点。这些研究大多数是从语用学的角度研究法庭问话、答话或问答的语言策略和技巧。有些学者开始从系统功能语言学的角度探讨法庭辩论语言的特征。法庭辩论,作为一种有声语言,在语音方面具有鲜明的特色。因此,本文尝试从语音特征的视角来分析电影《杀死一只知更鸟》中法庭辩论语言的一些主要的语音特征及其所达到的文体效果。本文重点从音段特征和超音段特征两个方面对辩护律师芬奇的结案陈词进行了分析,发现元音、辅音和其他各种语音模式(如:双关、排偶、重复等)的选择运用,突出了法庭辩论语言简洁、明快、清晰、抑扬顿挫和铿锵有力的特点,增加了电影法庭辩论语言富有诗意的音韵美,还可以烘托辩护律师为正义而辩论的主题,从而增强了演讲的说服力和感染力。

Forensic Linguistics arose rapidly at the end of the twentieth century. In recent years, courtroom discourse has be- come the focus of forensic linguistic research. However, these scholars often do research about strategies and techniques of questions, answers, or questions and answers in courtroom argument from the pragmatic perspective. And some scholars begin to explore features of courtroom argument from the perspective of Systemic Functional Linguistics. Courtroom argument, as a spoken language, has distinctive features in phonology. As a result, this paper is intended to analyze phonological features and stylistic effects of the language of courtroom argument from the perspective of phonology, taking the English film To Kill a Mockingbird as a case study. This paper will make a detailed and thorough analysis of the closing argument of the defense counsel Mr. Finch from the two aspects of segmentals and supra-segmentals. And it is discovered that the meaningful choice of vowels, consonants and other phonological patterns （e. g. pun, parallelism and repetition, etc） has given prominence to the features of the argumental language, such as conciseness, crispness, clarity, rhythm, and forcefulness, which add poetic and rhythmical beauty to the language of courtroom argument, and foreground the theme of the defense counsel＇ s fighting against racial discrimination and for justice, and thus enhance the persuasiveness and inspiredness of the language of eourtroom argument.