外语课堂上交换的五种信息类型

Five Types of Information Exchanged in EFL Classrooms

本文基于系统功能语言学框架,采用全新动态分析视角,对实地采集的外语课堂话语进行分析,旨在发现并描述师生在外语课堂上交换的信息类型,以便加深认识外语课堂互动过程的实质。经分析发现,在外语课堂话语流动过程中,出自"主语人称"和"人际指示"两个系统的不同选择会在不同阶段持续共同出现,从而形成不同语篇发生模式,将外语课堂上交换的信息划分成五种类型:故事、知识、本人情况、本人故事和判断。本文从语法、语义和语境三个层面对五种信息类型进行分析、描述与讨论。

The paper presents findings made in an analysis of authentic EFL classroom discourse. The analysis is done within the framework of Systemic-Functional Linguistics but adopts a dynamic rather than synoptic perspective, focusing on the types of information being exchanged between the teacher and students, with a view to revealing the nature of EFL classroom interaction as well as describing the information types. It is found that choices from 2 systems, i.e. Subject Person and Deicticity, tend to combine in one way or another over a considerable stretch of discourse, forming different logogenetic patterns that in turn classify information into 5 types： story, knowledge, personal detail, personal story, and judgement. The paper offers a description of the information types at 3 interrelated strata： grammatical, semantic and contextual.