中国乡村学生群体营养不良流行状况20年动态分析

Changes of the prevalence of malnutrition in Chinese rural students from 1985 to 2005.

【目的】通过动态分析,剖析乡村学生营养不良流行现状。【方法】使用2007年WHO参照值筛查生长迟滞和消瘦。【结果】近20年来乡村群体生长迟滞率持续下降,但检出率仍分别为男7.4%、女7.7%,长期性营养不良现象未有效控制。乡村学生生长长期趋势迅猛,但相对身高的体重增长不足;消瘦率下降缓慢,2005年仍处于男14.6%、女11.5%水平。【结论】乡村学生营养不良问题依然普遍;亟待采取更强有力的综合干预措施。WHO参照值对乡村群体筛查可行性差;需制定我国自己符合种族遗传生长规律的标准。

[Objective] Compared with the changes in recent 20 years, the malnutrition problems for the Chinese rural school children were analyzed. [Method] The WHO Child Growth Standard （2007） was uniformly used to screen stunting and wasting in the sex-age groups in different years. [Result] The prevalence of stunting was dramatically deceased during recent 20 years, but still remains at 7.4% for boys and 7.7% for girls in 2005, which suggested that the long-term malnutrition problem had not been controlled. The decreasing trend of the wasting was weak mainly because of the relative delayed increasing of weight corresponding to the increment Of stature. Prevalence of wasting was 14.6% for boys and 11.2% for girls in 2005. [Conclusions] Malnutrition remains to be a health problem in Chinese rural students and urged to be improved by using comprehensive intervenes with more strengthen. WHO criterion doesn＇t have enough feasibility to be used as a tool on screening the malnutrition for the rural students. A new criterion in concordance with the racial background of the growth patterns of the Chinese children is need to be established.