婴儿睡眠问题相关因素研究

Study about sleep problems related factors in infants.

【目的】探讨父母养育行为、母亲心理健康状态等社会心理因素对婴儿睡眠的影响，为制定有效的干预措施提供科学依据。【方法】对2007年10月～2008年2月在长沙市妇幼保健院儿童保健门诊健康体检的6～12月婴儿进行睡眠评估，抽取存在睡眠问题的102名婴儿为睡眠问题组，正常对照组为同期查体无睡眠问题、身体健康婴儿共105名。其母亲均填写SCL-90症状自评量表以及自编的一般情况调查表和婴儿睡眠问卷调查表。【结果】①在睡眠问题组中，母乳喂养婴儿数和婴儿夜间进食次数均较睡眠正常组多，两组间差异有显著性（P〈0．01或〈0．001）。母乳喂养婴儿夜间喂哺次数平均为（3．54±1．29）次，人工喂养的婴儿夜间喂哺次数平均为（2．33±1．03）次，两者差异有显著性（P〈0．01）；②SCL-90评定结果显示有睡眠问题婴儿的母亲在躯体化、人际关系敏感、抑郁、焦虑、恐怖、偏执、精神病性和其他（睡眠、饮食）等方面得分较高，两组差异有显著性（P〈0．05）。【结论】①母乳喂养婴儿较人工喂养婴儿夜间进食次数多，易出现睡眠问题，但母乳喂养仍是婴儿首选的喂养方式，只是需要改善父母相关的喂养行为；②母亲精神状态通过影响其育儿行为，可对婴儿睡眠产生直接或间接的影响。

[Objective] To explore the effects of the society mentality factors on the infants sleep, such as parental fostering behavior, maternal mind health, and provide ideas for making out intervention measures to improve infants sleep quality. [Methods] Randomly samples 102 healthy infants aged 1-12 months, which had sleep problems from department of children health care in maternal and child health care hospital hospital of Changsha city as cases and 105 healthy infants who did not have sleep problems as control. 207 eligible infants＇ mothers filled in SCL-90, commonly things and infants sleeping questionnaire designed by oneself. [Results] ①In the sleep problems group, the infants with breastfeeding and taking food times under night had more than those in the case-control group, which had significant differences （P〈0. 01 or 〈0. 001 ）. The taking food times were 3. 54 ± 1.29 in the breastfeeding infants by night versus 2.33±1.03 in formula milk feeding infants,which had significant differences（P〈 0.01 ）. ②SCL-90 results showed： the mothers with infants of sleep problems had higher scores of the body symptom, depression, anxiety, fear, crankiness, lunacy , sleeping and living than those of normal group, which had significant differences between the two groups（P〈0.05）. [Conclusions] ①The breastfeeding infants had high rates of taking food by night, and appeared sleep problems easily, compared with the other feeding fashion. But the breastfeeding was a preferred feeding fashion to infants, and just it need change parents feeding behaviors. ②Maternal psychosis infect infants sleep directly, and brought indirect influence via infecting maternal nurture behaviors.