酚醛树脂基中空碳球的制备

Synthesis of phenolic formaldehyde-based hollow carbon spheres

以磺化聚苯乙烯为模板,酚醛树脂为前驱体,利用模板法制备了球壳厚度为50～85nm的中空碳球。采用红外光谱(FT-IR)表征聚苯乙烯的磺化程度,并借助扫描电子显微镜(SEM)和透射电子显微镜(TEM)研究中空碳球的中空结构。结果表明,随着磺化时间的增加,中空碳球的直径和球壳厚度都有增加的趋势;当磺化时间小于2h,形成的球壳较薄,在碳化过程中容易发生塌缩。酚醛树脂的加入量也影响中空碳球的直径与球壳厚度。当酚醛树脂加入量较少时,球壳容易发生破裂。

Hollow carbon spheres have been synthesized from sulfonated polystyrene （PS） spheres as template and commercial phenolic formaldehyde （PF） resin, with the shell thickness in the range 50 - 85 nm. The sul- fonated PS spheres were characterized by FT-IR, and the morphology of the hollow carbon spheres were studied by TEM and SEM. It was shown that the diameters of the spheres and the thickness of the shell increased with increasing sulfonation time or PF/template ratio. When templates sulfonated for less than 2 hours were used, the shells of the final hollow carbon spheres were too thin and prone to shrinkage. The PF/template ratio also affected the diameter of the hollow carbon spheres and the thickness of their shells. When the PF/template ratio was too low, the shells tended to crack during carbonization.