长径比不同的玻纤对硬质聚氨酯的形态结构和力学性能的影响

Effect of Glass Fiber with Different L/D Ratio on Morphology and Mechanical Properties of Rigid Polyurethane

采用一步法制备了玻纤增强硬质聚氨酯的复合材料(RPU),研究了不同长径比的玻纤对硬质聚氨酯力学性能的影响。结果表明,玻纤的长径比不同,其对RPU的增强效果差异显著。以长径比为20～40玻纤所制备的材料的拉伸强度为最大,当其质量分数为10%,拉伸强度为0.80MPa,与未增强的材料相比提高了95%。当其质量分数为5%时,压缩强度增加了10%。SEM分析揭示样品的形貌呈球形泡孔。从拉伸端口的形貌可看出长径比为20～40玻纤受力痕迹明显,表明纤维本身的拉伸强度对于硬泡塑料的力学性能增强起了重要作用。

Glass fiber reinforced rigid polyurethane （RPU） composite was prepared by means of direct synthesis. The effects of the glass fibers with different length/diameter （L/D） ratio on the mechanical properties of RPU were studied. The results showed different L/D ratio of glass fiber had different reinforcing effect on RPU. When the L/D ratio of the glass fiber was 20 -40, the tensile strength of the prepared composite was the highest, and when the mass fraction of the glass fiber was is 10%, the tensile strength was 0. 80 M Pa, which was 95% higher than that of non-reinforced material. When the mass fraction was 5%, the compression strength was increased by 10%. The SEM micrographs clearly revealed the morphologicalstructure of the foam was almost perfectly spherical in shape. Furthermore, the reinforcing fiber （L/D ratio 20 -40） based on tensile fractograph withstood obvious loading, which showed the tensile strength of the fiber itself played an important role in the reinforcement of the RPU foam.