《金瓶梅》中的理欲观

Reason and Desire Idea of Jin Ping Mei

《金瓶梅》是一部得到充分肯定又备受争议的一部小说。争论的焦点主要集中在小说中对于色欲和利欲的大量细致的描写。不管作者的主观意图如何,客观上讲,小说中人欲横流的社会图景的描绘在一定程度上体现了时人的处世理念,特别是理欲观念。而且小说中所体现出来的理欲观念完全打破了自宋代以来一直占思想统治地位的程朱理学的传统,不是存理灭欲,而是有欲无理,以欲代理,为饱私欲,置伦理道德于不顾,忘却人性,无视廉耻。对于这种客观体现出的理欲观,我们必须冷静的,批判的对待。

Jin Ping Mei is a novel with both affirmation and dispute. The contention focuses on the substantial and meticulous description about the desires of lust and interest. No matter what the author＇ s subjective intention is, the description about the social views full of human desires objectively reflects to some extent the idea of people＇ s life attitude at that time. Furthermore, the idea displayed in the novel totally breaks the tradition the philosophy of the Cheng brothers and Chu Hsi School which had been dominant since the Song Dynasty. In such an idea, priority is given to desire, and people can pursue their desires disregard morality, human nature and dignity. We should treat this idea with a sober and critic attitude.