剪切阀式磁流变阻尼器的简化设计方法

Simplified Design Method of Shear-Valve Mode Magnetorheological Damper

剪切阀式磁流变(MR)阻尼器传统设计方法将阻尼器的结构设计与磁路设计相互独立,导致阻尼器的设计过程繁琐,且不考虑磁路优化,易引发活塞磁芯饱和现象.针对上述问题,建立了一种简化设计方法.提出了阻尼器磁路设计中磁路优化的2条原则,与阻尼器结构设计的基本参数方程相结合,确定阻尼器结构的基本参数,即将磁路设计与结构设计合为一体,从而简化了阻尼器的设计过程.并对设计的剪切阀式MR阻尼器进行了数值模拟,预估了阻尼器的最大出力和阻尼力可调范围.结果表明,该阻尼器结构合理,既能保证阻尼通道处磁流变液达到饱和,又能有效防止磁芯饱和现象的发生,且最大出力与阻尼力可调范围满足设计要求.此简化设计方法简便、有效、可靠,可作为剪切阀式MR阻尼器工程设计的一种实用方法.

In the traditional design method of shear-valve mode magnetorheological （MR） damper, the structural design of the damper was independent of the magnetic circuit design, resulting in the design process＇ being very complicated;and the optimization of the magnetic circuit was not given consideration, easily bringing about the saturation phenomenon of magnetic core of piston. In order to simplify the design process and avoid the saturation of magnetic core, a simplified design method of shear-valve mode MR damper was established. Two principles of optimizing the magnetic circuit in the magnetic circuit design of the damper were proposed, and combined with the equations of basic parameters for the structural design of the damper so as to determine the basic parameters of the damper structure. That＇ s to say, the magnetic circuit design and the structural design were combined to simplify the design process of the damper considerably. Then the design of a shear-valve mode MR damper was numerically simulated, and the maximum damping force and the adjustable range of the damping force were predicted. Results indicate that the structure of the damper is reasonable, ensuring that the MR fluid in the damp- ing path reaches saturation and effectively avoiding the occurrence of the saturation phenomenon of magnetic core as well, with its maximum damping force and adjustable range of the damping force meeting the design requirement. This simplified design method is simple, effective and reliable, and may be taken as a practical one for the engineering design of the shearvalve mode MR damper.