农村饮用水和环境卫生的影响因素分析

Influencing Factors for Rural Drinking Water and Sanitation

目的了解农村饮用水和环境卫生的影响因素,为改善农村饮用水和环境卫生状况提供依据。方法根据2006—2007年"中国农村饮用水与环境卫生现状调查"的数据选取集中式供水覆盖率和卫生厕所普及率代表农村饮用水和环境卫生的水平,采用卡方趋势性检验,将可能的影响因素(家庭年收入、户主文化程度和家庭住房面积)划分等级,分别计算不同等级的集中式供水覆盖率和卫生厕所普及率,分析趋势性变化。结果随着家庭年收入、户主文化程度、住房面积的提高,无论是集中式供水覆盖率还是卫生厕所普及率均呈上升趋势(P<0.01)。结论经济文化条件与农村饮用水和环境卫生密切相关,对其有正向影响作用。

Objective To find the influencing factors of rural drinking water and sanitation so as to provide the basis for the improvement of rural drinking water and sanitation. Methods Coverage rate of tap water and sanitary latrine was taken to stand for rural drinking water and sanitation level, 2006-2007. The possible influencing factors were divided into different ranks and Trend Chi-square test was used to determine the relationship between the coverage rate of tap water, sanitary latrine and the influencing factors. Results The coverage rate of tap water and sanitary latrine in rural families increased with the increase of household annual earnings, education of householder and the size of house （P〈0.01）. Conclusion Economy and education are closely related to the status of rural drinking water and sanitation, there is a positive relationship between them.