山西省集中式供水及二次供水卫生状况

Hygienic Survey of Drinking Water Plants in Shanxi Province

目的了解山西省不同类型供水单位的卫生状况。方法全省统一部署监督检查方案,于2007年4至10月对山西省422户集中式供水单位和2083户二次供水单位的卫生管理、设施配备、供水水质进行调查。结果地市级以上城市市政水厂供水卫生状况最好,卫生管理到位,设施配备齐全,基本能够保证供水水质卫生安全,水质检测合格率达到了97.67%。农村学校自备供水情况较差,各项调查项目的合格率均为最低,其中几乎所有学校都没有建立水质检验室,也没有配备水质检验人员,仅有10.2%的学校安装了饮水消毒设备,水质检测合格率仅为75.32%。检查的276户集中式供水单位中采取安装消毒设备等可行消毒措施的仅有49.6%。另外,二次供水设施不能按规定定期清洗消毒,县(市)镇级水厂和城市自建水厂水质检验设备缺乏,检验项目达不到规定要求等也是目前存在的主要问题。结论全省不同类型的供水单位都存在着一些供水卫生问题,应加强供水单位的卫生管理,配备必要的饮水处理和消毒设施,提高水质检验能力,定期进行水质监测;不断加强供水单位的卫生监督,提高二次供水监督、监测覆盖率。

Objective To know the hygienic condition of different kinds of drinking water plants in Shanxi Province. Methods In 2007, 422 water plants and 2 083 secondary water supply units were selected and the information and data that provided by all Sanitation Institute for Health Inspection and Supervision in Shanxi Province were analyzed. Results The hygienic conditions of city＇ s municipal administration water supply systems were the best. Total qualified rate of water quality was 97.67%. The hygienic conditions of rural school＇ s homemade water supply systems were the worst, the qualified rates of all items in the program were the lowest. Most of them had no any analyst and laboratory for water quality test. Only 10.2% of them had water disinfection facilities. Total qualified rate of water quality was 75.32%. In most of water plants, the lack of water quality test facilities and disinfection facilities was one important problem in drinking water safety. In addition, the lack of clean and disinfection in secondary water supply systems was another problem. Conclusion The hygienic conditions of drinking water plans are unsatisfactoryand should be improved in Shanxi Province.