PICC置管机械性静脉炎产生的解剖因素及预防

Anatomic factor of mechanical phlebitis induced by PICC and its prevention

目的探讨经外周中心静脉置管(PICC)置管机械性静脉炎产生的人体形态学因素。方法对60具尸体上肢常规解剖观察头静脉、贵要静脉走向并测量其管径。结果头静脉缺如1例,在上臂中段头静脉直径最细。贵要静脉,在上臂直径粗且恒定,穿固有筋膜时存在潜在管腔。结论头静脉上段不易作为PICC置管通道;在利用贵要静脉通道置管进入固有筋膜时,应当避免导管前端挫伤血管内膜。

Objective To investigate human anatomic factor of mechanical phlebitis induced by PICC. Methods The upper limbs of 60 cadavers were anatomized conventionally to observe the cephalic vein and hasilic vein, and measure their diameters. Results The diameter of cephalic vein in the middle of upper arm was minimum. Basilic vein was thick and constant, whereas potential vascular lumen existed when basilic vein penetrated deep fascia. Conclusion The upper part of cephalic vein is not suitable for PICC; it must be avoided that front end of catheter contuses intima of the vessel when catheter is indwelled into the deep fascia through basilic vein.