生长激素对生殖功能调节的研究进展

Research Progress of Growth Hormone on the Regulation of Reproductive Function

生长激素(growth hormone,GH)对生长和发育有重要作用。生长激素参与性分化和性成熟的过程,与生育和性腺内分泌功能有关,对妊娠和哺乳也有影响。生长激素直接或通过诱导肝脏或局部组织胰岛素样生长因子-Ⅰ(IGF-Ⅰ)的产生调节这些活动,以内分泌、自分泌和旁分泌的方式发挥作用。性腺、胎盘和乳腺组织也可以产生生长激素,但以垂体生长激素为主。临床上,在体外受精-胚胎移植(IVF-ET)中合用促性腺激素和生长激素可提高妊娠率。同时,生长激素已列为治疗男性不育的药物之一。

Growth hormone （GH） is important to the growth and development. GH participates in the process of sexual differentiation and sexual maturity, which appears relationship with the function of procreation and endocrine secretion of gonads, and having effect on pregnancy and lactation. GH accommodates these activities directly or through inducing the production of insulin growth faetor-Ⅰ（IGF-Ⅰ） from liver and local tissues with the form of endocrine,autoerine and paraerine. GH produced mainly in pituitary gland, also some in gonads,placenta and mammary gland. During in vitro fertilization-embryo transfer （IVF-ET） cycles, combination gonadotropin and GH can elevate pregnancy rate in clinical application. Now GH has become one kind of drugs to treat male sterility.