集群分离分析法在作物分子标记研究中的应用及问题分析

The Application and Key Problems of Bulked Segregant Analysis on the Research of Molecular Marker in Crop

分子标记的获取有助于辅助选择育种和基因的图位克隆。集群分离分析法是快速有效地寻找与目的基因紧密连锁分子标记的经典方法,广泛应用于作物育种中。其原理简单、方便经济,与近等基因系分析法相比具有一些特有的优势。本文介绍了集群分离分析法的基本理论,并从几个方面分析了其应用过程中要注意的问题:包括物种基因组大小的影响、非目的标记的产生、以及如何构建DNA池等。同时概述了集群分离分析法在F2代、回交、双单倍体、重组自交系等不同分离群体中的应用情况,并对不同分离群体的优缺点进行了比较。最后描述了集群分离分析法对池内基因信息进行定量分析的应用前景。总之,我们期望通过本文为集群分离分析法的合理使用提供一定的参考。

Identification of molecular markers linked with gene can promote the development of MAS （molecular assistant selection） and map-based cloning. Bulked segregant analysis （BSA） as a classical method for rapidly and effectively identifying markers linked to any specific gene or genomic region was widely used in crop breeding study. BSA also has several advantages over the use ofnear-isogenic lines （NILs）. In this article the basic principle and theory of BSA were introduced, and several key problems about using BSA were analyzed, including the effects of genome size of different species, markers unlinked to the aimed loci appeared differences between bulks and construction of the ideal DNA pools, etc. At the same time the applications of the method in the different segregating generations such as the F2 ,backcross,RIL,DH and so on were introduced and compared. Finally we discribed the application prospects of BSA to be used for quantitative analysis between DNA pools. In conclusion we wish to offer some academic references for the application of BSA by our introduction and analysis.