2007年山东省博兴县地方性氟中毒流行病学调查

Epidemiological investigation on endemic fluorosis in Boxing County of Shandong Province in 2007

目的了解山东省博兴县地方性氟中毒的病情现状，为制订预防控制策略提供科学依据。方法选择博兴县2个镇中的8个地方性氟中毒病村作为调查点。在每个调查点选择8-12岁儿童和30岁以上成年人作为调查对象。水、尿含氟量测定采用氟离子选择电极法，8一12岁儿童氟斑牙诊断采用Dean法，30岁以上成人氟骨症检查采用临床和X线摄片方法。结果8个村的水氟均值均〉4．50mg／L，最大值为5．78mg／L：8～12岁儿童氟斑牙总检出率为90．70％（195／215），氟斑牙指数为2．15，缺损率为24．65％（53／215）；30岁以上成人的氟骨症临床和x线检出率分别为30．71％（78／254）、16．54％（42／254）；儿童和成人尿氟均值在1．50mg／L以上的人数分别占98．95％（189／191）、97．92％（235／240），最高值分别为14．50、17．99mg／L。结论博兴县地方性氟中毒病情尚未得到控制．须进一步加大控制力度。

Objective To investigate the status of endemic fluorosis in Boxing County in Shandong Province at present, and to provide the scientific evidence for making strategies in prevention and control. Methods Children aged 8 - 12 years old and adults above 30 years old were selected from 8 endemic fluorosis villages in 2 towns. The content of fluoride in drinking water and urine was determined by F-ion selective electrode, dental fluorosis of children aged 8 - 12 years old were diagnosed by Dean method and skeletal fluorosis diagnosed by clinic and X-Rays. Results Eight villages in 2 towns were chosen underwent epidemiological investigation. Eight villages had water fluoride content 〉 4.50 mg/L, the highest water fluoride content was 5.78 mg/L. The total rate of dental fluorosis of children aged 8 - 12 years old was 90.70%（195/215）, the index of dental fluorosis was 2.15 and the rate of dental damage was 24.65%（53/215）. The rate of skeletal fluorosis detected by clinic and X-rays in adults older than 30 years old were 30.71% （78/254） and 16.54% （42/254）, respectively. The averaged fluoride level in urine was over 1.50 mg/L in 98.95%（189/191） of children aged 8 - 12 years old and in 97.92%（235/240） adults older than 30 years old, with the highest respectively being 14.50 mg/L and 17.99 mg/L. Conclusions In Boxing County in Shandong Province, endemic fluorosis is not effectively controlled. So endemic fluorosis control must be strengthened.