土壤质量评价国外研究进展

Recent research progress of overseas soil quality evaluation

土壤是人类赖以生存的根本资源。土壤质量涉及到动植物生产力,大气、水的质量和人类的健康,随着人们对自然资源和环境保护意识的增强,越来越多的国家和地区已将土壤质量评价工作作为实现可持续发展的一个重要方面。通过土壤质量评价,了解土壤管理和利用的现状,为土壤质量的改善及可持续利用提供理论依据和技术支撑。根据国外近10年的研究,总结了主要的评价指标体系和评价方法。评价指标主要包括土壤物理、化学和生物性质3个方面的指标。评价方法分为定性和定量评价,定量评价应用较广,包括土壤质量指数、土壤质量模型、多元线性回归、相对土壤质量法等。掌握和了解国外相关研究的动态,对于开展土地质量地球化学评估及土地的分等定级工作有着重要的意义。

Soil is one of the most fundamental resources for human beings to survive on. Soil quality is closely related to plant or animal productivity, atmosphere and water quality, as well as human health. As people are getting more and more aware of the importance to protect natural resources and environment, more and more countries have included soil quality evaluation as an significant component for sustainable development. Through this evaluation, we can get better understanding of the status of soil management and utilization which will provide theoretical principle and technical support for the improvement and sustainable development of soil quality. Based on the research conducted within the past ten years, the authors summarized the mainstream evaluation indices and methodology. All those indictores can be divided into three aspects, which are physical, chemical and biological. Evaluation methodology can be categorized into qualitative and quantitative. The quantitative methods are widely used, such as soil quality index, soil quality modeling, multiple linear regression and relative soil quality and so on. To understand and keep updated of latest progress of overseas soil quality evaluation is of great importance to soil quality geochemical evaluation and land classification and gradation.