地质标准物质粒度测量与表征的现代方法

Modern methods for the measurement and characterization of particle size in geosdan-dards reference materials

地质标准物质是地质材料分析的计量标准,在分析质量监控、仪器校准和分析方法评价中发挥着重要作用。地质标准物质大多为粉体材料,而粒度是粉体材料的一项重要特性指标。长期以来,地质标准物质的粒度一直采用过筛法检测;近年来在超细标准物质研制中引入了以激光粒度仪为代表的现代粒度分析方法,并以直观的粒度分布图和简洁的特征粒度来表达分析结果,大大提升了粉体地质标准物质粒度特性的测量及表征水平。在此工作基础上,测量了正在广泛使用的典型地质标准物质的粒度分布,获得了前所未知的粒度分布信息,为这些标准物质的正确使用和取样不确定度评价提供了有益的资料。简单地介绍了检测粉体材料颗粒特性的现代方法,讨论了地质分析与粒度分析在概念上的差异,并就今后地质标准物质乃至地质分析样品的粒度检测与表征方法提出了建议。

The geosdandards reference materials have been the metrological standard ofgeoanalysis. They are frequently used in geoanalysis and play an important role in the quality controlling of analytical results, instrument calibration and analytical method evaluation. Most of the geosdandards reference materials are powder materials, while the particle size is a very important characteristic index for powder materials. From the beginning of the preparation of reference materials, the particle size of geological reference materials had been measured by sieving method; In recent years, laser particle size analyzer had been introduced into the preparation of ultra-fine size reference materials, so the results of particle size analysis can be represented by the intuitive particle size distribution plot and concise specific particle sizes. The introduction of this technique improved the measurement and characterization level for particle size of geological powder reference materials markedly. In this paper, we report the particle size distribution results obtained by this new technique for the typical geosdandards reference materials, which had been widely used for the analysis of geological samples. It will be helpful for the correct usage and the evaluation of sampling uncertainty. In addition, we introduced the modern methods measuring particle size of powder materialment and discussed the differences of concept between geoanalysis and particle size analysis. Some suggestions are presented for the future measurement and characterization of particle size for geological reference materials as well as for routine geoanalytical samples.