明清徽州合同契约与民间合约关系

Contracts and Civilian Agreements of Huizhou District in the Ming and Qing Dynasties

传统合同是在原始契约——"判书"使用了很久之后出现的。遗存的徽州合同契约从性质上可分为"议约合同"和"禁约合同"两种主要类型。明清时期,合同契约广泛存在于徽州民间社会,并成为调节基层社会关系的重要途径。明清徽州民间合约关系的存在具有深厚的社会学背景。

Traditional contracts existed long after Panshu which was a cover term for all civilian agreements in ancient China. Contracts preserved in Huizhou can be classified into two types： agreements and prohibitions. In the Ming and Qing dynasties, such contracts are widely adopted by civilians of Huizhou as an important way of coordinating social relations. Thus, a deep sociological background can be found behind the preserved eontracts.