西安市养老机构老年人生活质量及影响因素的研究

Life quality and its influential factors in aged people living in nursing homes in Xi'an

目的:了解特殊养老环境下老年人的生活质量现况及其影响因素.方法:采用随机整群抽样的方法,选取西安市14所养老机构,对其中符合调查条件者进行现场问卷调查,内容包括一般人口学资料、简明生活质量量表(SF-36)及生活质量影响因素调查表.结果:共收集有效问卷373份.养老机构老人的生活质量处于良、中、差水平的比例分别是38.9%,55.5%,5.6%.生活满意度自评、对子女生活满意度、人际关系自评、有无兴趣爱好、运动项目数、是否主动获取保健知识、患病数是主要影响养老机构老年人生活质量的因素.结论:西安市养老机构老人总体生活质量处于中等偏上水平.在制定老年人保健护理策略及有关事宜时,要充分考虑到机构养老这一人群的特殊性.

AIM： To obtain a general opinion on life quality of the old living in nursing homes and its influencing factors. METHODS： Fourteen nursing homes were chosen randomly. Questionnaires including general demographic data, self-designed influencing factors and the 36-Item Short-Form Health Survey （SF- 36） were distributed to the eligible olds. RESULTS： Three hundred and seventy-three valid questionnaires were collected. The grade distribution that fell on good, moderate, and poor levels were 38.9% , 55.5% , and 5.6% respectively. Self-assessment of satisfaction of their life, satisfaction of the life of their children, interpersonal relation, having interests or not, learning health information initiatively or not, and disease attack were the main factors that contributed to the life quality of the old in nursing homes. CONCLUSION： The life quality of this sample population remains at a middle-up level. The relative factors warrant great consideration when we make strategies about the geriatric nursing and health promotion.