“迷惘”时代的道德两难——从新历史主义视角论《好兵》的伦理思想

Moral Dilemma in the Perplexed Time——To Discuss the Ethical Theme in The Good Soldier from the New Historicist Perspective

《好兵》(1915)是英国现代主义小说家福特.马多克思.福特(1873-1939)的代表作。从新历史主义批评家斯蒂芬.格林布拉特在论述文学的社会功能时提出的"颠覆"和"抑制"两个概念出发,揭示贯穿小说的"颠覆"和"抑制"两种力量的矛盾张力结构,剖析了工业化语境下人们的精神迷惘和道德两难。反映小说从"逸闻琐事"中再现了历史真实,从"小历史"中反映了"大历史",体现了作者对资本主义道德伦理抑制人性的丑恶本质的揭露和批判。

The Good Soldier is Ford · Madox · Ford＇ s representative work who is a British modem novelist. This article exposes the contradictory tension between ＂Subversion＂ and ＂ Containment＂ in the novel which is the two important conceptions raised by the famous New Historicism critic Stephen Greenblatt on literature function. Furthermore it analyses the spiritual perplexity and moral dilemma in the industrialized context. From the study we find that the novel not only reappears the historical reality through the ＂anecdote and trifles＂, but also reflects the ＂History＂ from ＂histories＂. Most importantly, it manifests the author＇ s exposure and critique to the hideous nature of capitalist morality and ethics which refrains the humanity.