不同环境下空气离子密度的比较与变化机理

Air Ion Concentration under Different Environmental Conditions and Its Change Mechanism

对哈尔滨市以及伊春市五营地区12个测点的空气离子进行监测，研究了不同环境下空气离子密度的差异。结果表明，在相同的时间和地点，地面附近的大气中正离子密度一般高于负离子密度；由于机动车辆的影响，公路的负离子密度在05：00-19：00时要低于室内和森林；降雨会增加负离子密度，降低正离子密度，中雨后五营丰林保护区正离子密度下降1270-2240个·cm^-3，而负离子密度则增加了1015-4090个·cm^-3；雾与飘尘都可以使空气负离子密度降低；电视的使用则会使空气负离子的密度降低到0附近。

An experiment was conducted to study the difference in air ion concentrations in Harbin City and Wuying District of Yichun City by monitoring the air ions in twelve sites. Result showed that the concentration of positive air ions was usually higher than that of negative air ions near the ground at same time and place due to the effect of atmospheric electric field. The concentration of negative air ions on highway was lower than that inside room or in forest during 5 am and 7 pm owing to traffic influence. Rainfall could increase the concentration of negative air ions and decrease that of positive air ions. In Fenglin Nature Reserve of Wuying, the concentration of positive air ions decreased by 1270-2240 ions/cm^3 after moderate rain, while the concentration of negative air ions increased by 1015-4090 ions/cm^3. Fog and floating dust could decrease the concentration of negative air ions, and the concentration of negative air ions could be reduced to about level 0 due to the use of television.