大活籽挥发油超临界萃取工艺及成分分析

Supercritical Fluid Extraction of Essential Oil from Angelica dahurica and Principal Component Analysis

通过正交试验,讨论了超临界CO2萃取大活(Angelica dahurica Benth.et Hook)籽挥发油过程中萃取压力、温度、时间对萃取率的影响,同时将试验结果与水蒸汽蒸馏法所得结果进行了比较,并采用气质联用(GC—MS)方法对比分析了超临界油与水蒸汽挥发油的成分。结果表明:超临界萃取压力的变化对萃取率的影响最大,萃取温度次之,而萃取时间最小。从GC—MS分析结果看,超临界CO2萃取大活挥发油的萃取率较水蒸汽蒸馏法高,最佳萃取条件为:萃取压力30 MPa,萃取温度45℃,时间2 h,挥发油收率为2.78%。

An experiment was conducted to extract essential oil from the seeds of Angelica dahurica Benth. et Hook by supercritical carbon dioxide fluid extraction technology. The effects of extraction pressure, extraction temperature, and extraction time on extraction rate of essential oil were discussed by orthogonal experiment. The extraction rate of essential oil by supercritieal fluid extraction was compared with that by water vapor distillation, and the components of essential oil were also compared by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. Result showed that the effect of extraction pressure on extraction rate was the most obvious, and then followed by extraction temperature and extraction time in order. The extraction rate by supercritical fluid extraction was higher than that by water vapor distillation. The optimal extraction conditions were obtained as extraction pressure 35 MPa, extraction temperature 45 degrees C and extraction time 2 hours. The yield of essential oil was 2.78% tmder the optimal conditions.