人参、西洋参的基因组DNA的RAPD分析

PAPD Analysis of Genomic DNA in Cultivars of Panax ginseng C.A.Mey.And Pannx quinquefolius Linn

用Operon公司的E．F．C组引物对北京和吉林左家特区的栽培人参和西洋参四大居群各10个样本进行RAPD分析，筛选出18个引物，可以检测到102个多态性位点，其中67．6％表现出多态性。在北京栽培人参、西洋参。吉林左家特区栽培人参、西洋参中分别检测到74，86，74，9O个标记位点，在各居群中均有丰富的多样性存在。西洋参的遗传多态性明显高于人参。聚类分析结果表明，同种不同居群的样本首先聚在一起，种间遗传分化明显大于地理环境造成的分化。由OPF02，OPF04，OPF07，OPF20，OPG12，OPG13，OPG14扩增的指纹图谱中可以找到不同种，不同居群的标记带型及居群内部的丰富遗传多样性。

Forty accessions from various origins and belonging to tow species, were de-tected and analyzed with 40 random decamer nucleotide primers. the experimental resultswere as follows:(1) 18 'randon decamer primers were selected from 40 random decamer were used toclearly amplify DNA from 40 accessions which diplayed 102 RAPD loci and of 67. 6% werepolymorphic. 74, 86, 74, 90 RAPD loci exhitted in Panax ginseng C. A. Mey. (cultivated inBeijing), Panax quinquefolius L. (Cultivated in Beijing), Panax ginseng C. A. Mey.(cultivated in Jinn provinde)', Panax quinquefolius L. (cultivated in Jinn province) respec-tively. It indicating that Panax quinquefolius L. has more genetic diversity than the Panaxginseng C. A. Mey. in genomic DNA. (2) The genetic relationship dendrogram was made and the genetic distance was calculated by clustr analysis with the amplification products clearly amplified from 18 operonprimers. It was founded that accessions of the same species from various origins clusteredfirst, and then the ones belonging to defferent species from the same origins clustered. Twoevident clusters with-immense genetic diversity was detected between species in dendrogram, which indicated that the differentiation between two' species was more than the oneamong geography.(3)The RAPD—fingerprinting map of the 40 accessions was made with seven primers:OPF02. OPF04. OPF07. OPF20. OPG12. OPG13. OPG14. which would provide a rapid andconvenient molecular tool to detect the xamples come from different species and regions.